History: Early Christian Architecture

History of Architecture 1: Early Christian Architecture

University of San Agustin, Philippines

History of Architecture – Greek Notes

History of Architecture 1 – University of San Agustin, Philippines

ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER
1. AEGEAN ARCHITECTURE OR EARLY PERIOD
Characteristic Features
a). Low pitch or flat roof on multi – storey structure .
b). Stairway was developed for vertical circulation .
c). Houses termed as “ Megaron “ & palaces were principal bldg. types

Megaron Areas:
1). Enclosed porch
2). Living apartment or megaron proper
3). “ Thalamus “ or sleeping room
d). 4 Methods of walling surface finishes:
1). Cyclopean – a masonry made-up of huge stone blocks laid mortar
2). Polygonal – a masonry w/c is constructed w/ stones having polygonal
faces.
3). Rectangular – block of stone cut into rectangular shapes.
4). Inclined blocks – stones with inclined blocks.

Classical and Greek Architecture

Classical and Greek Architecture

Classical and Greek Architecture

Classical and Greek Architecture

Classical and Greek Architecture

Classical and Greek Architecture

Classical and Greek Architecture

2. GREEK ARCHITECTURE or HELLENIC PERIOD
CHARACTERISTICS OF GREEK ARCHITECTURE
a). Simplicity & Harmony
b). Purity of Lines
c). Perfection of Proportions
d). Refinement of Details

History of Architecture 1 – Ancient Near East

History of Architecture 1 – University of San Agustin, Philippines

 ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER

1. Massiveness
2. Monumentality
3. Grandeur

 

BABYLON

 ZIGGURATS or “Holy Mountains”– chief bldg. structure , square or rectangle in plan  w/ steeply  battered  sides  &  an  open  flatform  on  top containing the “Fire Altar “.

 THREE TYPES OF ZIGGURATS:

• Archaic ziggurat – usally  have one  flat  top  rectangular mound carrying the  upper temple.     e.g White Temple at Warka
• Two or more stages Ziggurat –rectangular in plan, design w/ several  tiers or stages.  

e.g  The ziggurat, Nimrod, Tower of Babel  Ziggurat  at  Bursippa, seven stage  pyramid   dedicated  to  seven  heavenly planets.  

c.) Seven stages square base ziggurat

e.g   Palace of Nebuchadnezzar, it has the “ Hanging Garden of Babylon”.            
  CITY OF BABYLON – with towers & 100 Bronze Gates.
 ASSYRIA 
       PALACE OF SARGON, KHORBAD – entrance  portals  flanked  with status of  headed 
 winged   bulls  &  lions.  It  contains 700 rooms.

IMPORTANT PARTS OF PALACE

1. SERAGLIO – palace  proper  w/c includes  the kings residence , men’s  apartment  & reception  courts.
2. HAREM – usually  designed  w/ a private  family  apartments  or  women’s quarter.
3. KHAN – or service  chambers , Khan  is  a Moslem “ inn”, for  travelers  prototype

PERSIA
PALACE FLATFORM  PERSOPOLIS – occupies  1500  and  1000 ft.  & is elevated  40 ft.
  It contains  the  following:
a.)  Palace  of  Darius  c.) Hypostyle  Hall  of  Xerxes 
b.)  Palace  of  Xerxes d.) Halls  of  Hundreds columns
     e ). Propylaea – entrance  to  hall  design  by  Xerxes

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History of Architecture 1 – Prehistoric

History of Architecture 1 – University of San Agustin, Philippines

Prehistoric Period

• Occurred before invention of written records
• Also called Stone Age period because of the absence of metal implements
• Occurred from Human Habitation of earth to 9000 BC
• Sub-Division of Period:

–Period can be further subdivided into Early (or Paleolithic) Stone Age and New (or Neolithic) Stone Age

–Early Stone Age- Up to 9000 BC

–New Stone Age – 9000 BC to 3000 BC

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HOA 1 – Ancient Near East – Notes

History of Architecture 1 – University of San Agustin, Philippines

History of Arch_Prehis – Sumerian 2015 (1)

History of Arch_Prehis – Sumerian 2015 (2)

History of Arch_Prehis – Sumerian 2015 (3)